For Reconstruction- you should know:
• The Amendments-
o 13th- abolish slavery
o 14th- Citizenship, due process
o 15th- All men right to vote
• 3 plans:
o Lincoln “10 %” plan (very forgiving)- If 10% of voters in 1860 election pledge loyalty to US and abide by emancipation, state could be readmitted
o Johnson’s Plan: 10%+, Similar to Lincoln’s plan, recognized “10%” governments, called for states to ratify 13th amendment
o Radical Reconstruction- Congressional Reconstruction (very harsh… wanted to punish the south), Reconstruction Act- Divided the South into 5 military zones controlled by Union generals (Military Reconstruction), Seceded states must ratify 14th & 15th amendments, Guarantee suffrage to former adult male slaves in state constitutions
• Black reconstruction- Black political participation expanded exponentially during reconstruction. Black men were elected to positions of Mayor, sheriffs, representatives in local and state governments, Hiram Revels and Blanche Bruce both served in Washington D.C. as U.S. Representatives
• Be able to understand both sides…it was a success, but in the end a failure. Page 497
o Success in rejoining the Union
o Failure in protecting the rights of former slaves (leading to discrimination) and country still divided