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Wind – Sentence Frames Answers (1-18)

  1. Wind is caused by differences in air pressure, which generally occurs due to uneven heating of the atmosphere.
  2. The two main types of wind are Global Winds, which occur over large areas and Local Winds which occur over relatively smaller areas.
  3. Winds are generally named after the direction they blow from.”
  4. Sea Breezes are formed during daytime when the Sun is up and the land is warmer than the sea.  This causes a convection current in which the air above the land rises and the cool air over the sea moves in to take it’s place.
  5. Land Breezes are formed during night time when the Sun is down and the sea is warmer than the land.  This causes a convection current in which the air above the sea rises and the cool air over the land moves in to take it’s place.
  6. A sea breeze blows from the sea and a land breeze blows from the land.
  7. .Warm air rises from the surface near the Earth’s equator and sinks back to the surface near the poles to create global convection cells.
  8. These convection cells are disrupted by the Coriolis Effect which is caused by the Earth’s rotation on it’s axis.
  9. This causes winds in the northern hemisphere to curve to the right and curve to the left in the southern hemisphere.
  10. The jet stream air currents are found at high altitudes and move 400 km/hour.”
  11. The polar easterlies are found between the poles & 60 degrees latitude in both hemispheres and travel from east to west.
  12. The westerlies are found between 30 degrees & 60 degrees latitude in both hemispheres and travel from west to east.
  13. The trade winds blow from 30 degrees to the equator in both hemispheres.
  14. Ocean currents are much like wind, but they occur in the worlds oceans.
  15. Currents are caused when denser water sinks and less dense water rises (another example of convection).
  16. Water can be denser if it is colder and/or more salty.
  17. The surface water on the west coast of Europe is warmer because of the North Atlantic Current.
  18. Examples of how climates can be affected by ocean currents include  the west coast of Europe is warmer and wetter than North America at the same latitude.