- cruel قاسي: very mean and heartless
- rebel: to go against the government
- defeated هزم: destroyed
- republic جمهورية: a government with representatives
- representatives ممثلين: people who speak and act for you
- citizens المواطنين: people who live in a country
- elect منتخب: vote
- consul زعيم: a leader
- veto حق النقض: to say no to a law
- powerful قوي: strong
- dictator: a leader who has all the power
- laws قوانين: rules
- democracy ديمقراطية: a government where all citizens are allowed to vote
- merchants التجار: people who buy and sell goods
- laborers عمال: people who work with their hands
- farmers المزارعين: people who grow crops
- debts المال المستحق: money that is owed ديون
- rights: things citizens should have
7.2 Vocab (#15-32)
