26. city-state: ancient cities where people lived
27. United: to bring a group together
28. kingdom: a country ruled by a king
29. spread: stretched
30. system: a way or method
31. translate: change one language to another language
32. borrow: to take
33. scribe: a person who can read and write
34. repair: fix something that is broken
35. route: a path or street to get somewhere
36. collapse: to become weak and fall
37. Arose: to stand and become strong
38. Feared: afraid
39. Powerful: Strong
40. Improve: make better
41. Stretch: make longer and bigger
42. trade: to buy and sell
43. develop: start
44. merchant: trader
45. reign (rain): rule or govern
46. code: a group of laws
47. collect: gather
48. Expect: to wait for something to happen
49. Cultural Diffusion: when a culture spreads from one place to another
