Timeline of the English Civil War Notebook pages 55-56

1603-1689 is an important time in England because it marks the transition from near Absolute Monarchy to Constitutional Monarchy. Please create a timeline that includes these dates:

1603, 1625, 1628, 1642, 1644, 1649, 1658, 1659, 1679, 1685, 1688, 1689

Thirty Years’ War Copy this on pages 53-54 of your notebook

The Thirty Years’ War was one of the longest and most destructive conflicts in European history. It took place in Central Europe between 1618 and 1648. 

Causes:
Conflict between: 

●Lutheran and Catholic princes in Central Europe.

● Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II closed Protestant churches and caused a revolt.

● Ferdinand sent an army into Bohemia to crush the revolt.

● Protestant princes wanted to defend themselves and challenge the Catholic Emperor

Sides:

Key Events of the War
Lasted from 1618-1648

● Hapsburg armies crush Protestants for the 1st 12 years of the war

● In 1630, Swedish armies drove the Hapsburgs out of Germany

● In 1635 France (although Catholic) joined the Protestants because they did not want the Holy Roman Empire to be so strong

● The Peace of Westphalia was signed in 1648 ending the war.

Effects of the War

Large population loss in Germany

● Trade and agriculture disrupted in Europe

● Germany’s economy was left in ruins and it would take a long time for it to become unified

● Weakened the Hapsburgs in Spain & Austria

● Strengthened France

Things to Know: France – Notebook page 51

Catherine de Medicis: Who was she and why was she important?

Huguenots: define

Henry of Navarre: Who was he and why was he important?

Edict of Nantes: define

Louis XIII: Who was he?

Cardinal Richelieu: Who was he and why was he important?

Louis XIV: When did he reign? What was his nickname?

Boy King

Weakens Nobles’ Authority

Versailles

Louis Fights Disastrous Wars

Death and Legacy

Things to Know: Russia page 52

Ivan the Terrible: Who was he and why was he important?

Boyars:

Czar: 

Peter the Great: Who was he and why was he important?

Reforms:

Westernization: Give specific examples of how Russia Westernized.

St. Petersburg:

What was the Dutch Revolt? Who did they revolt against?

Why was it different than other European states? How is their government different?

Dutch Trading Empire – Explain its importance.

Philip II

Was married to Henry VIII’s daughter Mary I of England – 

Elizabeth took throne when Mary died.

Inherits empire from… 

Incredible wealth because…

What did he do to defend Catholicism?

Spanish Armada (What is it, why was it successful?, how was it 

defeated?)

Why was it a “Golden Age of Art and Literature”?

The Spanish Empire weakened because…