p 23: Circle Map
Write down what you know about proteins in a circle map
Add notes to page 23 using the video below. You are also expected to know everything in the video.
p 24 Gene Expression aka Protein Synthesis
- Silently read the article.
- As you read paragraph three, draw a picture of how you think gene expression (or protein synthesis) works in your INB. Label the parts of your picture using words from the reading: Transcription, Translation, DNA/Gene, Nucleus, Cell, mRNA, ribosome, amino acids
Article:
1- Proteins are complex molecules made up of subunits called amino acids. There are 20 different amino acids and the different combinations of these is what makes one protein different from the next. There can be hundreds or thousands of individual amino acids in a protein. This amino acid sequence determines a protein’s structure and function.
2- Proteins can perform a lot of different functions: some proteins provide structure to an organism, some act as chemical messengers and allow different parts of the body to communicate, some proteins help with chemical reactions like digestion, and some proteins play a role in your immune system.
3- Proteins are made through a process called gene expression (sometimes referred to as protein synthesis). Gene expression has two major parts: transcription and translation. All cells have DNA in them. Recall from your previous science classes that DNA is the “code” for all of the traits an organism has. All of your DNA is contained inside each cell’s nucleus. A section of DNA that codes for a specific trait is called a gene. A gene actually contains the code for one specific protein. Cells read the section of DNA and make a molecule that is very similar to DNA, called RNA. The process of making RNA from DNA is called transcription. The special type of RNA made in transcription is called mRNA. The lower case “m” stands for messenger. Messenger RNA then leaves a cell’s nucleus and travels to another part of the cell called the ribosome. A ribosome then reads the mRNA and makes a chain of amino acids that will then fold into the specific protein. Making a chain of amino acids from mRNA is called translation.
Protein Synthesis Video that can help with the visual