{"id":1230,"date":"2017-11-03T15:14:45","date_gmt":"2017-11-03T19:14:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/iblog.dearbornschools.org\/nack\/?p=1230"},"modified":"2017-11-03T15:14:45","modified_gmt":"2017-11-03T19:14:45","slug":"american-history-chapter-11-short-answer-questions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/iblog.dearbornschools.org\/nack\/2017\/11\/03\/american-history-chapter-11-short-answer-questions\/","title":{"rendered":"American History Chapter 11 Short Answer Questions"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Here is some help and things to think about for the short answer questions.<\/p>\n<p>19) The Treaty of Versailles<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Creates 9 new nations (including Poland, Czechoslovakia, and Yugoslavia) and shifts boundaries of others, British, French mandates<\/li>\n<li>Places various conditions on Germany:\n<ul>\n<li>must admit guilt \u2014War guilt clause<\/li>\n<li>disarmed and cannot have an army<\/li>\n<li>pay reparations, or war damages \u2014$33 billion<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>The Treaty\u2018s Weaknesses\n<ol>\n<li><strong>War-guilt clause \u2014Germany must accept sole responsibility for war<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Germany cannot pay $33 billion in reparations that Allies want<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>Strong opposition to treaty in U.S.\n<ol>\n<li>Many politicians did not like that Wilson negotiated treaty without consulting Congress<\/li>\n<li>League of Nations- Some think League threatens U.S. foreign policy of isolation<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>20) Trench Warfare Begins- In WWI it was not long before both sides realized that traditional warfare would not win this war<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Armies equipped with new weapons\n<ol>\n<li>tanks, machine guns, poison gas, new artillery, submarines, planes\n<ol>\n<li>Machine Guns- These weapons were first used in the American Civil War to devastating effect<\/li>\n<li>But with World War One their effectiveness reached frightening new levels<\/li>\n<li>Firing up to 600 bullets a minute (the equivalent of 250 men with rifles), Machine Guns were then deemed to be weapons of mass destruction<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li>Planes\n<ol>\n<li>They had everything from mini scout planes to huge blimp like bombers called Zeppelins<\/li>\n<li>Air warfare was not seen as important as any other type so it did not have its own category\n<ol>\n<li>Initial airplanes flimsy and just used for scouting<\/li>\n<li>Initial dogfights \u2014individual air combats involved pilots shooting pistols<\/li>\n<li>Was not until mounted machine guns powered by the propeller belt (interrupter gear) that plains became a lethal devices<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>2. Tanks- were used to used to \u2015mow down\u2016 barbed wire and soldier<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Based on the caterpillar track (first invented in 1770 and perfected in the early 1900s), early tanks were fitted with:\n<ol>\n<li>maxim type guns or Lewis guns<\/li>\n<li>amour plating<\/li>\n<li>their caterpillar tracks were configured to allow crossing of an eight- foot wide trench.<\/li>\n<li>Although these beasts were powerful, they were not so reliable and most broke<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>2.\u00a0 Gas<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>These were highly toxic, and very effective weapons<\/li>\n<li>Chlorine gas, killed thousands<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>Mustard gas \u2014this burned the lungs of the inhaler leaving them to die in agony.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Trench Layout- To protect themselves from the constant barrage of automatic gunfire and heavy -duty artillery, each side dug a series of trenches that extended for over 475 miles from Switzerland to the North Sea\n<ol>\n<li>The rival trenches were typically about 250 yards apart, although in some places the trenches were so close that a soldier could practically touch his enemy in the opposing trench.\n<ol>\n<li>The space between the trenches was referred to as \u2015no man\u2018s land<\/li>\n<li>No man\u2018s land was typically gutted by bombs, crossed by tons of barbed wire, and dotted with land mines<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Trench warfare consisted of long artillery bombardments followed by charges from infantrymen across no man\u2018s land toward enemy lines<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>21) Americans Question Neutrality<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Divided Loyalties\n<ol>\n<li>Naturalized citizens concerned about effects on country of birth<\/li>\n<li>Many feel ties to British ancestry, language, democracy, and legal system<\/li>\n<li>S. has stronger economic ties with Allies than with Central Powers<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>Unrestricted Submarine Warfare\u2014 sinking ships without warning rather than stopping them, searching them and if weapons found\u2014allowing passengers to get into life boats prior to sinking\n<ol>\n<li>Sinking of the Lusitania- boat sunk British liner Lusitania; 128 Americans among the dead\n<ol>\n<li>Germany defended the sinking<\/li>\n<li>Germany claimed Lusitania contained armaments for<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>Public opinion turns against Germany\n<ol>\n<li>New York Times called the Germans \u2015savages drunk with blood<\/li>\n<li>President Wilson protests, but Germany continues to sink ships<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Zimmerman Note- Proposals for a German alliance with Mexico, suggesting the Mexican government should make common cause with Germany, try to persuade the Japanese government to join the new alliance, and attack the US\n<ol>\n<li>Germany, for its part, would promise financial assistance and the restoration of former territories of Texas, New Mexico and Arizona to Mexico<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>American Isolationism- Many politicians did not like that Wilson negotiated treaty without consulting Congress\n<ol>\n<li>League of Nations\n<ol>\n<li>Some think League threatens U.S. foreign policy of isolation<\/li>\n<li>The treaty committed the US to war in defense of League members<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>US Senate rejects the treaty<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li>US. and Germany sign separate treaty<\/li>\n<li>US. never joins the league of Nations<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Here is some help and things to think about for the short answer questions. 19) The Treaty of Versailles Creates 9 new nations (including Poland, Czechoslovakia, and Yugoslavia) and shifts&#8230; <span class=\"more-link\"><a href=\"https:\/\/iblog.dearbornschools.org\/nack\/2017\/11\/03\/american-history-chapter-11-short-answer-questions\/\">Read More<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":629,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1230","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-class-news"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iblog.dearbornschools.org\/nack\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1230","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iblog.dearbornschools.org\/nack\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iblog.dearbornschools.org\/nack\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iblog.dearbornschools.org\/nack\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/629"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iblog.dearbornschools.org\/nack\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1230"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/iblog.dearbornschools.org\/nack\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1230\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iblog.dearbornschools.org\/nack\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1230"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iblog.dearbornschools.org\/nack\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1230"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iblog.dearbornschools.org\/nack\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1230"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}